[#boost-urls-url_base-normalize]
= xref:boost.adoc[boost]::xref:boost/urls.adoc[urls]::xref:boost/urls/url_base.adoc[url_base]::normalize
:relfileprefix: ../../../
:mrdocs:

Normalize the URL components

== Synopsis

Declared in `<https://www.github.com/boostorg/url/blob/develop/include/boost/url/url_base.hpp#Lundefined[boost/url/url_base.hpp]>`

[source,cpp,subs="verbatim,replacements,macros,-callouts"]
----
xref:boost/urls/url_base.adoc[url_base]&
normalize();
----

== Description

Applies Syntax‐based normalization to all components of the URL.

The scheme is normalized to lowercase.

[,cpp]
----
assert( url( "HTTP://www.example.com" ).normalize().buffer() == "http://www.example.com" );
----
The host is normalized to lowercase. Percent‐encoding triplets are normalized to uppercase letters. Percent‐encoded octets that correspond to unreserved characters are decoded.

[,cpp]
----
assert( url( "http://www.Example.com" ).normalize().buffer() == "http://www.example.com" );
assert( url( "http://www.%65xample.com" ).normalize().buffer() == "http://www.example.com" );
----
Percent‐encoding triplets in the path are normalized to uppercase letters. Percent‐encoded octets that correspond to unreserved characters are decoded. Redundant path‐segments "." and ".." are removed.

[,cpp]
----
assert( url( "http://www.example.com/a/b/../c" ).normalize().buffer() == "http://www.example.com/a/c" );
assert( url( "http://www.example.com/a/./b" ).normalize().buffer() == "http://www.example.com/a/b" );
assert( url( "http://www.example.com/%63ss" ).normalize().buffer() == "http://www.example.com/css" );
----
Percent‐encoding triplets in the query are normalized to uppercase letters. Percent‐encoded octets that correspond to unreserved characters are decoded.

[,cpp]
----
assert( url( "http://www.example.com?a=%62" ).normalize().buffer() == "http://www.example.com?a=b" );
----
Percent‐encoding triplets in the fragment are normalized to uppercase letters. Percent‐encoded octets that correspond to unreserved characters are decoded.

[,cpp]
----
assert( url( "http://www.example.com#%61bc" ).normalize().buffer() == "http://www.example.com#abc" );
----
Applying normalization to a URL with all components percent‐encoded:

[,cpp]
----
assert( url( "HTTP://www.Example.com/%70ath?%71uery#%66rag" ).normalize().buffer() == "http://www.example.com/path?query#frag" );
----
== Exception Safety

Strong guarantee. Calls to allocate may throw.

== Specification

* https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-6.2.2[6.2.2 Syntax‐Based Normalization (rfc3986)]

== Return Value

`*this`

== See Also

xref:boost/urls/url_base/normalize_scheme.adoc[`normalize_scheme`], xref:boost/urls/url_base/normalize_authority.adoc[`normalize_authority`], xref:boost/urls/url_base/normalize_path.adoc[`normalize_path`], xref:boost/urls/url_base/normalize_query.adoc[`normalize_query`], xref:boost/urls/url_base/normalize_fragment.adoc[`normalize_fragment`]


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